49 research outputs found
On Tree-Based Neural Sentence Modeling
Neural networks with tree-based sentence encoders have shown better results
on many downstream tasks. Most of existing tree-based encoders adopt syntactic
parsing trees as the explicit structure prior. To study the effectiveness of
different tree structures, we replace the parsing trees with trivial trees
(i.e., binary balanced tree, left-branching tree and right-branching tree) in
the encoders. Though trivial trees contain no syntactic information, those
encoders get competitive or even better results on all of the ten downstream
tasks we investigated. This surprising result indicates that explicit syntax
guidance may not be the main contributor to the superior performances of
tree-based neural sentence modeling. Further analysis show that tree modeling
gives better results when crucial words are closer to the final representation.
Additional experiments give more clues on how to design an effective tree-based
encoder. Our code is open-source and available at
https://github.com/ExplorerFreda/TreeEnc.Comment: To Appear at EMNLP 201
Measuring Your ASTE Models in The Wild: A Diversified Multi-domain Dataset For Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction
Aspect Sentiment Triplet Extraction (ASTE) is widely used in various
applications. However, existing ASTE datasets are limited in their ability to
represent real-world scenarios, hindering the advancement of research in this
area. In this paper, we introduce a new dataset, named DMASTE, which is
manually annotated to better fit real-world scenarios by providing more diverse
and realistic reviews for the task. The dataset includes various lengths,
diverse expressions, more aspect types, and more domains than existing
datasets. We conduct extensive experiments on DMASTE in multiple settings to
evaluate previous ASTE approaches. Empirical results demonstrate that DMASTE is
a more challenging ASTE dataset. Further analyses of in-domain and cross-domain
settings provide promising directions for future research. Our code and dataset
are available at https://github.com/NJUNLP/DMASTE.Comment: 15pages, 5 figures, ACL202
LOREN: Logic-Regularized Reasoning for Interpretable Fact Verification
Given a natural language statement, how to verify its veracity against a
large-scale textual knowledge source like Wikipedia? Most existing neural
models make predictions without giving clues about which part of a false claim
goes wrong. In this paper, we propose LOREN, an approach for interpretable fact
verification. We decompose the verification of the whole claim at phrase-level,
where the veracity of the phrases serves as explanations and can be aggregated
into the final verdict according to logical rules. The key insight of LOREN is
to represent claim phrase veracity as three-valued latent variables, which are
regularized by aggregation logical rules. The final claim verification is based
on all latent variables. Thus, LOREN enjoys the additional benefit of
interpretability -- it is easy to explain how it reaches certain results with
claim phrase veracity. Experiments on a public fact verification benchmark show
that LOREN is competitive against previous approaches while enjoying the merit
of faithful and accurate interpretability. The resources of LOREN are available
at: https://github.com/jiangjiechen/LOREN.Comment: Accepted to AAAI 202
A Meta-Analysis of Array-CGH Studies Implicates Antiviral Immunity Pathways in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
BACKGROUND: The development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is significantly correlated to the accumulation of genomic alterations. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) has been applied to a wide range of tumors including HCCs for the genome-wide high resolution screening of DNA copy number changes. However, the relevant chromosomal variations that play a central role in the development of HCC still are not fully elucidated.
METHODS: In present study, in order to further characterize the copy number alterations (CNAs) important to HCC development, we conducted a meta-analysis of four published independent array-CGH datasets including total 159 samples.
RESULTS: Eighty five significant gains (frequency β₯ 25%) were mostly mapped to five broad chromosomal regions including 1q, 6p, 8q, 17q and 20p, as well as two narrow regions 5p15.33 and 9q34.2-34.3. Eighty eight significant losses (frequency β₯ 25%) were most frequently present in 4q, 6q, 8p, 9p, 13q, 14q, 16q, and 17p. Significant correlations existed between chromosomal aberrations either located on the same chromosome or the different chromosomes. HCCs with different etiologies largely exhibited surprisingly similar profiles of chromosomal aberrations with only a few exceptions. Furthermore, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that the genes affected by these chromosomal aberrations were significantly enriched in 31 canonical pathways with the highest enrichment observed for antiviral immunity pathways.
CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our findings provide novel and important clues for the implications of antiviral immunity-related gene pathways in the pathogenesis and progression of HCC
Employees’ Entrepreneurial Dreams and Turnover Intention to Start-Up: The Moderating Role of Job Embeddedness
Many people have entrepreneurial dreams in mind, yet existing research has neglected to focus on this phenomenon. This paper introduces the concept of entrepreneurial dreams, constructs a model of the relationship between entrepreneurial dreams and turnover intention to start-up, based on identity theory and prospect theory, and empirically analyses the mechanism of the effect of entrepreneurial dreams on turnover intention to start-up. Through the analysis of data from two multi-provincial and multi-wave employee studies (Study 1 N = 198, Study 2 N = 227), the findings show that: (1) employees’ entrepreneurial dreams positively influence turnover intention to start-up; (2) employees’ entrepreneurial dreams can stimulate employees’ sense of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, thus positively influencing turnover intention to start-up; (3) job embeddedness plays a moderating role in the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and turnover intention to start-up, specifically, the higher the degree of job embeddedness, the weaker the effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on turnover intention to start-up; (4) job embeddedness moderates the indirect effect of entrepreneurial dreams on turnover intention to start-up through entrepreneurial self-efficacy, specifically, the higher the degree of job embeddedness, the weaker the indirect effect of entrepreneurial dreams on turnover intention to start-up through entrepreneurial self-efficacy. This study reveals the mediating role of employees’ entrepreneurial self-efficacy and the moderating role of job embeddedness in the influence of entrepreneurial dreams on employees’ turnover intention to start-up, which provides theoretical and practical references for relevant organizations
Investigation on heat stress of construction workers in summer in Chongqing, China
The heat stress of workers at construction sites in Chongqing, China, was studied in this paper. The investigation included measurement of environmental parameters, measurement of physiological parameters, questionnaire survey and tracking record of their self-regulation of the behaviour. Scaffolder, carpenter, porter, plasterer and handymen were taken as the main research subjects. Five subjects were selected daily to conduct a questionnaire survey and to measure their physiological parameters, 60 construction workers were investigated. The results show that in sizzling summer, the average effective Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGTeff) is 35.8 Β° C. Under these circumstances, workers are in a poor working environment based on some Chinese and international standards. During the experiment, the researchers recorded the work behaviour and self-regulation of workers. It is found that the average heart rate of workers with different job is significantly different, and the average metabolic rate of handymen is significantly lower than that of piling rig workers. Different type of workers should be protected by different protection rules to avoid suffering heat injury